MYTHS AND FACTS ABOUT CLEAN ENERGY: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

Clean energy isn’t just a buzzword—it’s a vital part of shaping our world’s future. As concerns about climate change and pollution continue to grow, the way we produce and use energy is more important than ever before. Clean energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydropower, offer alternatives to fossil fuels that help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, create new jobs, and support healthier communities. But with so much information out there, it can be hard to separate fact from fiction. This blog post dives into the most common myths and misconceptions about clean energy, and brings to light the real facts you need to know. Whether you’re a homeowner considering solar panels or just curious about how wind farms work, understanding the truth about clean energy can empower you to make informed choices that benefit both you and the planet.

DEFINING CLEAN ENERGY: WHAT DOES IT INCLUDE?

When we talk about “clean energy,” we’re referring to sources of power that produce little to no pollution or greenhouse gas emissions. Clean energy goes far beyond just solar panels on rooftops or wind turbines on hillsides—though those are two of the most well-known examples. Clean energy includes a variety of technologies such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and, in some definitions, even nuclear power. What unites these sources is their minimal impact on the environment compared to fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas.

Solar energy harnesses the sun’s rays to generate electricity, while wind power captures the kinetic energy of moving air. Hydroelectric systems use the force of flowing water, and geothermal taps into the Earth’s internal heat. Nuclear energy, although sometimes debated, is often included because it produces large amounts of electricity without emitting carbon dioxide during operation. The key takeaway is that clean energy isn’t limited to one technology or approach—it’s a diverse mix of solutions aimed at meeting our power needs while safeguarding the planet for future generations.

Myth #1: Clean Energy Is Too Expensive

One of the most persistent myths about clean energy is that it’s simply too expensive for the average person or business to afford. While it’s true that, in the early days, solar panels and wind turbines required a hefty upfront investment, times have changed dramatically. Over the past decade, the cost of solar, wind, and other renewable technologies has dropped significantly—often by more than 70%. In many regions, renewables are now the cheapest source of new electricity generation, even outperforming coal and natural gas.

It’s also important to consider the bigger picture: clean energy systems often lead to lower energy bills over time because they use free resources like the sun and wind. Many governments and utility companies offer incentives, tax credits, or financing options to help offset installation costs, making the switch even more affordable. Plus, as technology continues to advance and demand increases, prices are expected to drop further.

When comparing the costs, don’t forget to factor in the hidden expenses of traditional fossil fuels—like air pollution, health impacts, and environmental damage—which ultimately cost society billions each year. Clean energy not only saves money in the long run but also provides a healthier and more sustainable future for everyone. The idea that clean energy is prohibitively expensive simply doesn’t hold up against the facts.

Fact Check: The Real Costs of Clean Energy

When people talk about clean energy, one of the most common myths is that it’s just too expensive to be practical. While it’s true that, in the past, renewable options like solar or wind required hefty upfront investments, the landscape has changed dramatically in recent years. Thanks to technological advancements, increased competition, and government incentives, the cost of clean energy has plummeted. In fact, according to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the cost of solar power has dropped by more than 80% over the last decade, and wind power isn’t far behind.

But what about the “hidden” costs? Some critics argue that integrating renewables into our energy grid can lead to additional expenses, like storage or infrastructure upgrades. While these are valid considerations, studies consistently show that, over the long run, clean energy leads to lower overall energy bills for consumers and reduces costly health impacts associated with fossil fuel pollution.

It’s also important to factor in the economic benefits. The clean energy sector is generating millions of jobs worldwide, driving innovation, and attracting investment. So while there are upfront costs to consider, the real picture shows that clean energy is increasingly the most affordable and economically sensible option for both individuals and society as a whole.

Myth #2: Renewable Energy Can’t Meet Our Demands

One of the most persistent myths about clean energy is that renewable sources like solar, wind, and hydro simply can’t generate enough power to supply our modern world’s energy needs. This misconception often comes from outdated information or a lack of awareness about how much the technology has advanced in recent years.

The reality is, renewable energy is rapidly scaling up and already plays a significant role in many countries’ power grids. For example, in 2023, over 20% of the electricity in the United States came from renewable sources, with some states regularly generating more than half their electricity from wind and solar. Advances in battery storage, smarter grids, and diversified energy portfolios mean that renewables can now provide steady, reliable power—day and night, rain or shine.

Offshore wind can supply electricity at competitive prices today. According to a 2007 Black & Veatch report, the cost of electricity from offshore wind power could range between 8.3 cents to 13.1 cents per kilowatt hour, or a similar price to that which residential consumers now pay.

Furthermore, large-scale projects around the globe, such as massive offshore wind farms and vast solar parks, continue to prove that clean energy can be deployed at the scale required for industry, businesses, and households. Countries like Denmark and Portugal have even run on nearly 100% renewable electricity for short periods.

The key to meeting demand isn’t just more solar panels or wind turbines—it’s a combination of expanding renewable infrastructure, developing robust storage solutions, and improving the efficiency of our entire energy system. So, contrary to the myth, clean energy isn’t just a supplement; it’s a fast-growing foundation for the world’s future energy needs.

Fact Check: The Capabilities of Modern Clean Technologies

When it comes to clean energy, one of the most persistent misconceptions is that modern technologies simply can’t meet the demands of today’s world. However, the facts tell a different story. Thanks to years of innovation and investment, clean technologies like solar panels, wind turbines, and battery storage have become more efficient, affordable, and scalable than ever before. For example, solar and wind are now two of the fastest-growing sources of new electricity worldwide, often outpacing fossil fuels in both cost-effectiveness and deployment.

Battery storage, once seen as a weak link, has also made huge strides. Modern batteries can store excess energy for use during cloudy or windless periods, helping to ensure a steady power supply. Grid-scale solutions are already supporting cities and regions, while smart home systems let individual consumers harness and manage their own clean power.

Additionally, advances in smart grids and digital technologies mean that clean energy can be integrated more easily and reliably into our existing infrastructure. These tools monitor usage, balance supply and demand, and even predict future needs, making interruptions less likely and helping utilities provide consistent service.

The reality is clear: modern clean energy technologies are not only capable of supporting our current lifestyles, but they’re also paving the way for a more sustainable future. The challenge now is to continue investing in and scaling up these solutions—because clean energy is not just a dream; it’s already powering the present.

Myth #3: Clean Energy Hurts the Economy

One of the most persistent myths about clean energy is that it comes at the expense of economic growth. In reality, investing in clean energy can create jobs, drive innovation, and lower long-term costs. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the renewable energy sector employed over 12 million people worldwide in 2022—a number that’s steadily rising as more countries transition to sustainable sources.

Clean energy industries like solar, wind, and battery manufacturing are already revitalizing local economies by creating new supply chains and skilled jobs. Moreover, as technology improves and adoption increases, the cost of clean energy continues to drop, making it a smart investment for both consumers and businesses.

Rather than hurting the economy, clean energy actually builds economic resilience. It reduces dependency on imported fuels, shields nations from volatile global energy markets, and supports healthier communities by cutting pollution-related costs. The truth is, clean energy isn’t just an environmental choice—it’s a powerful engine for economic opportunity and growth.

Fact Check: Job Creation and Economic Benefits

When it comes to clean energy, one of the most persistent myths is that it leads to job losses and harms the economy. In reality, the clean energy sector has become a powerful engine for job creation and economic growth worldwide. According to recent studies, the renewable energy industry—spanning solar, wind, hydro, and bioenergy—now employs millions of people, often outpacing job growth in the fossil fuel sector. From manufacturing solar panels and wind turbines to installing and maintaining these systems, the opportunities for skilled and entry-level workers alike are expanding rapidly.

Clean energy also helps drive investment in local communities. When a new solar or wind project is developed, it not only creates construction and maintenance jobs but also boosts local businesses through increased demand for services and materials. Additionally, clean energy projects can generate significant tax revenue, which can be reinvested in schools, infrastructure, and other vital community needs.

Transitioning to clean energy doesn’t mean sacrificing economic prosperity—in fact, quite the opposite. As technology advances and costs continue to decrease, clean energy is becoming a more accessible and profitable sector. Ultimately, investing in renewables and eco friendly products supports both a healthier environment and a stronger, more resilient economy.

Myth #4: Clean Energy Is Bad for the Environment

It’s a persistent myth that clean energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower are somehow just as harmful to the environment as fossil fuels. This misconception often stems from concerns about the materials used to manufacture solar panels or wind turbines, or the idea that renewable projects disrupt local wildlife and landscapes. While it’s true that the production and installation of clean energy infrastructure have environmental impacts—just like any industrial activity—the overall footprint is far smaller compared to traditional energy sources.

For example, coal and natural gas plants not only contribute to air and water pollution, but also release significant amounts of greenhouse gases that drive climate change. In contrast, once a solar or wind facility is up and running, it generates electricity with little to no emissions. Over their lifetimes, these systems offset the emissions and environmental impacts from their initial manufacturing many times over.

Furthermore, advances in clean energy technology are making it easier to recycle materials and reduce habitat disruption. Responsible siting and improved recycling processes mean that the industry is constantly becoming more sustainable. When considering the full life cycle, clean energy remains one of the most environmentally friendly choices available—helping to reduce pollution, conserve resources, and protect our planet for the future.

Fact Check: Environmental Impact Compared to Fossil Fuels

When it comes to evaluating clean energy, one of the most persistent questions is how its environmental impact truly compares to that of fossil fuels. Let’s get the facts straight. Clean energy sources—like solar, wind, and hydropower—have a far smaller environmental footprint than traditional fossil fuels.

Fossil fuel extraction and burning release significant amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, driving climate change and polluting the air and water. Oil spills, coal mining, and fracking also lead to devastating local environmental damage and long-lasting health risks for communities. A great deal of clean coal technology centers around capturing and storing pollutants that would otherwise be released in the burning process.

On the other hand, clean energy systems produce little to no direct emissions once operational. While it’s true that manufacturing solar panels or wind turbines does require energy and resources, multiple studies have shown that these impacts are much lower than the ongoing environmental costs of coal, oil, or natural gas. Over their lifetime, renewable energy sources offset their initial footprint many times over by replacing polluting energy with clean electricity.

Ultimately, the transition to clean energy isn’t just about fighting climate change—it’s about reducing pollution, protecting ecosystems, and improving public health. The facts consistently show that clean energy is a much greener and more sustainable option than sticking with fossil fuels.

Myth #5: Clean Energy Is Only for Wealthy Nations

It’s a common misconception that clean energy solutions are a luxury reserved for wealthy nations, but the reality tells a different story. In fact, many developing countries are leading the way in adopting renewable energy technologies. The decreasing cost of solar panels, wind turbines, and battery storage has made clean energy more accessible than ever. In regions where traditional energy infrastructure is lacking or unreliable, renewables like solar and micro-hydro are providing affordable, reliable power to communities that previously had limited or no access to electricity.

Countries such as India, Kenya, and Bangladesh have implemented large-scale clean energy projects that have brought power to millions, spurred local economic development, and created jobs. Off-grid solar solutions and mini-grids are also transforming rural areas, allowing small businesses to thrive and improving quality of life for families. International organizations and private investors are increasingly recognizing the potential of clean energy in emerging markets, funneling resources into projects that simultaneously benefit the environment and support economic growth.

The myth that clean energy is only for the wealthy ignores these global advancements and the opportunities clean technologies offer for equitable development. Clean energy is not just for rich nations—it’s a practical solution for anyone seeking sustainable, reliable power, no matter where they live.

Fact Check: Global Adoption and Accessibility

When it comes to clean energy, many people assume that only wealthy countries can afford to make the switch, or that access to renewable technology is limited to certain parts of the world. However, the reality is much more encouraging. Clean energy solutions like solar, wind, and hydropower are being adopted on a global scale, with impressive growth in both developed and developing nations.

For instance, countries like India and Kenya have become leaders in decentralized solar power, bringing electricity to rural communities that were previously off the grid. In Latin America, nations such as Brazil and Chile are harnessing abundant wind and solar resources to diversify their energy mix and lower costs. Even in regions with fewer resources, innovative financing and international partnerships are making clean energy more accessible than ever before.

The falling costs of solar panels and wind turbines have played a huge role in this transformation. In many places, renewables are now the cheapest new source of electricity, making them an attractive option for governments and businesses alike. Today, solar and wind provide the cheapest power for 67% of the world. Since 2010, the cost of onshore wind has fallen by 68%, while offshore wind cost has dropped by 60%. Moreover, global initiatives and investment funds are helping to bridge the technology gap, ensuring that clean energy isn’t just a luxury for the few. 

The global adoption of clean energy is accelerating—and it’s becoming more accessible every day. As technology continues to advance and costs decline, clean energy will only become more universal, helping to power communities worldwide and debunking the myth that it’s out of reach for most.

COMMON BARRIERS TO CLEAN ENERGY ADOPTION

Despite the growing awareness of clean energy’s benefits, several barriers continue to slow its widespread adoption. One of the most common obstacles is the upfront cost. While solar panels, wind turbines, and other renewable technologies quickly pay for themselves over time, the initial investment can be daunting for homeowners, small businesses, and even larger organizations. Many people are also unaware of the financing options, incentives, and tax credits available to offset these expenses.

Another barrier is misinformation. Myths about clean energy being unreliable or ineffective still persist, even as technology has improved dramatically. For example, many believe solar power only works on sunny days or in warm climates, but modern systems can generate electricity even on cloudy days and in colder regions.

Infrastructure challenges also play a role. In some regions, the existing power grid isn’t equipped to handle a large influx of renewable energy sources, requiring upgrades that take time and resources. Additionally, some people face logistical hurdles, such as living in apartments or shaded areas where installing solar panels is not feasible.

Finally, there’s the knowledge gap. Many consumers simply don’t know where to start or who to trust when considering clean energy solutions. Overcoming these barriers will require ongoing education, supportive policies, and continued innovation in renewable technologies. By understanding and addressing these challenges, we can make clean energy accessible to more people and help create a more sustainable future for all.

HOW INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES CAN SUPPORT CLEAN ENERGY

Supporting clean energy isn’t just a job for governments or big corporations—it’s something individuals and communities can do, too. There are many ways to get involved, whether you own your home, rent an apartment, or are part of a local group.

One of the most direct actions you can take is to switch your electricity provider to one that sources from renewable energy. Many utility companies now offer green energy plans that allow you to power your home with wind, solar, or hydroelectric energy—sometimes at a very similar price to traditional electricity. If you own your home, consider installing solar panels or joining a community solar program, which enables multiple households to benefit from a shared solar installation.

Communities can also make a big impact by supporting local clean energy projects. This might mean advocating for solar panels on schools or municipal buildings, supporting wind farms, or attending town meetings where energy decisions are made. Forming or joining local sustainability groups can help raise awareness, organize events, and influence policy at the community level.

Even smaller acts add up. Simple changes like using energy-efficient appliances, reducing unnecessary electricity use, and spreading the word about the benefits of clean energy help shift demand in the right direction. By making informed choices and encouraging others to do the same, individuals and communities can play a vital role in driving the clean energy transition forward.

RELATED STUDIES ABOUT CLEAN ENERGY

As we look toward the future, it’s clear that clean energy isn’t just a passing trend—it’s a necessary shift for the well-being of our planet and future generations. Debunking the myths around clean energy reveals a landscape full of innovation, opportunity, and practicality. Renewable sources like solar, wind, and hydropower are not only more accessible than ever, but they’re also proving to be reliable and increasingly affordable.

Embracing clean energy means investing in technologies and habits that reduce our carbon footprint while supporting economic growth and healthier communities. The transition may not be without its challenges, but the facts show that clean energy adoption is both achievable and essential.

As individuals, businesses, and governments, we all play a role in shaping a cleaner future. By staying informed, questioning misconceptions, and supporting sustainable solutions, we can accelerate the transition to a world powered by clean energy. The path forward is clear: with commitment and collaboration, a cleaner, brighter future is within our reach.

Clean Energy and Fintech: A Scientometric Study on Spillovers and Hedging in Investment Portfolios

This study explores how clean energy and financial technology (fintech) interact within investment portfolios, focusing on market spillovers, risk hedging, diversification, and alignment with sustainability goals (ESG & SDGs). It combines a systematic literature review with advanced bibliometric analysis to uncover key trends, contributors, methodologies, and future research directions.

Methodology

• Database: Scopus
• Articles Analyzed: 74 peer-reviewed papers (2012–2024)
• Tools: Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, Excel
• Framework: SPAR-4-SLR protocol (Assembling, Arranging, Assessing)

Key Findings

• Growth: Research surged post-2020, peaking in 2024, driven by sustainability trends and market volatility.
• Influence: Top contributors include A.K. Tiwari and P. Sadorsky. Most publications appear in Energy Economics.
• Most Cited Study: Sadorsky (2012) on volatility between oil, clean energy, and tech stocks.

Major Themes

1. Spillover & Hedging Mechanisms – Clean energy and fintech influence portfolio risk and returns.
2. Advanced Analytics – Techniques like TVP-VAR, quantile models, and wavelet-based correlations are central.
3. Thematic Clusters:
   • Motor Themes: Energy investment, connectedness
   • Basic Themes: Clean energy markets
   • Niche Themes: Dynamic hedging, climate policy
   • Emerging Themes: COVID-19, renewable energy transition

Implications

• For Investors: Clean energy and fintech offer portfolio resilience and hedging capabilities.
• For Policymakers: Results support the creation of financially stable, sustainable economic systems.
• For Researchers: The study maps the intellectual structure of this field and highlights key gaps.

Future Research Priorities

• Dynamic relationships between fintech and clean energy as systemic risk factors.
• Performance of diversified portfolios using new asset classes.
• Role of AI in real-time decision-making and risk analytics.
• Regional policy impacts, especially in emerging markets.

This study offers a strategic framework for integrating sustainability and innovation into finance, advancing the conversation on clean energy-fintech synergies in an era of climate urgency and digital transformation.

Prioritisation of Clean Energy Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Geospatial Multi-Criteria Decision Support Tool”

This study introduces the Clean Energy Access Prioritiser (CEAP) — a web-based, open-source geospatial decision support tool — developed to help identify and rank areas in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) for clean energy investment. CEAP aims to guide policy and investment decisions by integrating environmental, social, climate, and economic variables within a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) framework.

Key Features of the CEAP Tool

• 25 geospatial indicators grouped into four pillars: Market Supply, Market Demand, Socio-Political Context, Environment & Climate.
• Customisable weights allow stakeholders to tailor prioritisation to specific policy goals or development scenarios.
• Operates at a 5km resolution, enabling high-resolution spatial planning.
• Uses vector tile services and open-source web-mapping tools (e.g., Mapbox GL, GeoServer).
• Users can perform polygon-based spatial queries, create radar plots, and compare selected areas against national averages.

Context & Importance

• Over 570 million people in SSA lack access to electricity; nearly 1 billion lack clean cooking options.
• Despite vast renewable resources (e.g., solar, hydro, wind), energy access is constrained by underinvestment and poor planning.
• Strategic, data-informed planning is critical for achieving SDG 7: universal access to affordable, reliable, and modern energy.
  

Methodology

• Based on a composite index using normalised and spatially processed datasets.
• Developed using JRC-COIN methodology, incorporating expert consultations and quality assessments.
• Supports scenario analysis and hotspot mapping for clean energy project planning.
• Validated using a case study in Benin, demonstrating CEAP’s utility across various policy-driven scenarios.
  

Case Study: Benin

• CEAP was applied in Benin to evaluate four clean energy projects (solar, hydro, thermal gas, and interconnection).
• The tool’s outputs varied significantly depending on policy scenarios:
  • Global Gateway: Favoured areas with infrastructure and renewables.
  • Human Development & Peace: Focused on fragile, underserved zones.
  • Enabling Environment: Emphasised social indicators like education and gender equality.
  • Africa-EU Green Energy: Prioritised clean energy access and efficiency.
    

Key Insights

• CEAP bridges the gap between simple mapping platforms and complex energy modelling software.
• Enables transparent, stakeholder-driven prioritisation of clean energy interventions.
• Reveals geospatial mismatches between market-driven investments and areas most in need of energy access.
• Supports integrated planning, considering water, food, and energy interdependencies (WEF nexus).
  

Future Directions

• Expand CEAP beyond SSA to all of Africa.
• Integrate technology costs, financing mechanisms, and policy impact analysis.
• Enhance data quality and spatial granularity.
• Enable broader stakeholder engagement, especially in data-scarce or fragile contexts.
  

Conclusion

CEAP stands as a powerful tool for equitable and strategic clean energy planning in Africa. By enabling tailored, transparent prioritisation aligned with various development goals, it supports smarter investments, inclusive growth, and real progress toward sustainable, low-carbon futures across the continent.

The Effect of Institutions on Clean Energy Investments and Environmental Degradation Across Income Groups: Evidence Based on the Method of Moments Quantile Estimation

This study investigates how institutional quality affects clean energy investments and environmental degradation globally and across different income groups. Using data from 61 countries between 2005 and 2022, the researchers applied the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR)—a robust technique that captures variations across different levels of the dependent variables (clean energy investment and environmental degradation).

Key Findings

1. Role of Institutional Quality in Clean Energy Investment

• Political Stability (PST): Significantly encourages clean energy investments, especially in low- and lower-middle-income countries and higher quantiles (i.e., where clean energy investment is already underway).
• Economic Freedom (ECF): Plays a more prominent role in upper-middle-income countries, suggesting a shift from political to legal and market institutions with rising income.
• Policy and Institutions for Sustainability (POL): Has limited impact on clean energy investment across all groups.
• Natural Resource Endowment (NRE): Consistently reduces clean energy investments, indicating a “resource curse” effect.
• Interest Rates (INTR): Positively associated with clean energy investments, possibly reflecting favorable government-backed financing.
• Openness to Trade (OPN): Hinders clean energy investment in lower-income countries but supports it in upper-middle-income countries.
  

2. Environmental Degradation Insights

• Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC): Validated for low-income countries and globally at higher degradation levels. No consistent evidence in middle-income countries.
• Clean Energy Investment (CEI): Shows mixed impact on environmental degradation, suggesting that the scale of current investments might not be sufficient to reduce degradation meaningfully.
• Political Stability and POL: Both reduce environmental degradation, but their influence varies by income group and quantile of degradation intensity.
• NRE and OPN: Tend to worsen environmental degradation, especially in countries already experiencing high environmental stress.

Methodological Contribution

The study enhances existing research by:

• Applying MMQR, allowing for more nuanced insights than traditional average-based methods.
• Disaggregating results by income level, recognizing different institutional and economic contexts.
• Introducing the Environmental Degradation Intensity Index for a more comprehensive measure of environmental harm.

Policy Implications

• Institutional Reforms: Targeted reforms are essential. For low-income countries, focus on political stability; for upper-middle-income nations, prioritize rule of law and legal enforcement.
• Reduce Overreliance on Natural Resources: Countries should diversify away from fossil fuels and use incentives to promote renewable energy investment.
• Calibrate Trade and FDI Policies: Strategic openness and selective FDI policies can support clean energy transitions, especially in developing economies.

Limitations and Future Research

• Sample limited to 61 countries due to data constraints.
• Short-run dynamics not fully captured by MMQR.
• Future work could explore roles of fintech, informal institutions, and R&D in clean energy transitions.

This study underscores that one-size-fits-all policy prescriptions may fail. Tailored strategies that account for income levels, institutional maturity, and distributional differences in outcomes are crucial for advancing global environmental goals through clean energy investments.